Significant advances have taken place in the treatment of refractory gold ores and concentrates during the past decade In sulfide ores pyrite is the most common host mineral for gold Studies by Gasparrini 1983 showed that gold occurs in pyrite as native gold or electrum in all sizes and forms Arsenopyrite is probably the second most common host for gold and forms similar associations
Refractoriness is due to encapsulation of the gold particles inside the host mineral to liberate gold for leaching the host mineral must be broken by mechanical or chemical means the aim of this study was to study the effect of temperature oxygen partial pressure and slurry density on pressure oxidation of pyritearsenopyrite gold concentrate
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To compare process routes and recoveries pressure oxidation can completely breakdown the sulphides and then achieve high gold recoveries maybe greater than 95 where as with the leachox process and the partial oxidation depending on the nature of the mineralogy recoveries in the range 80 to 90 can be expected
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Pressure oxidation of refractory gold mineral pressure oxidation pressure oxidation is employed to liberate gold and silver in refractory sulfide concentrates often and or the main pressure oxidation products from iron sulfide minerals are sulfuric acid and metal sulfates and hematite depending on the conditions within the autoclave acid containing iron compounds can be
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Pressure oxidation refractory gold minerals swadbabe processing refractory gold ores especially development in the pretreatment of refractory gold minerals by nitric ac these processes include the highpressure and the atmosphericpressure oxidation methods highpressure oxidation processes are difficult to carry out because they require highcapital cost autoclav
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Pressure oxidation of refractory gold ores the pressure oxidation pressure oxidation is employed to liberate gold and silver in refractory sulfide concentrates often and ores the main pressure oxidation products from iron sulfide minerals are
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High pressure o idation of refractory gold minerals zircon sand beneficiation plant spiral mining equipment for zircon heavy mineral zircon ore mining process is the process of remove the mineral sand processing plant blueoceanconstruction we can provide you the complete stone crushing and beneficiation plantwe download lagu heavy mineral sand processing plant for zircon
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Various mineral characterisation techniques robertson et al 2014 a subsample of the cyanidation high pressure acid oxidation design of the aga brasil refractory gold pressure
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Oxidation abstract the leachox refractory gold process has to date been applied to the selectivetreatment of several refractory gold ores but on a relatively small scale in this paper the successful implementation of the process from initial testing through to commissioning at one of the worlds largest refractory gold mines is described
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23 pretreatment of refractory sulfidic gold ores 15 231 pressure oxidation 18 24 acidic pressure oxidation of iron and arsenic sulfide minerals 29 references 38 chapter 3 fundamentals of oxidation 45 31 thermodynamics 45 32 kinetic considerations 59 321 kinetic model 64 references 72 chapter 4 experimental program 75 41 materials 75
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Gold leaching treatmentrijlesgroningen leaching of a gold bearing partially roasted sulphide laboratory oct 12 2001 in the case of refractory ores containing complex minerals gold complex refractory gold ores is a preoxidation treatment prior the gold leaching step to extract gold from refractory ores by the pretreatment of sulfuric acid
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Pressure oxidation pox process overview in the mining and minerals processing industry autoclaves are utilized to extract metals from refractory ore bodies refractory gold ores require pretreatment before the conventional cil cic or cic cyanidation process can
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Some ores require a hightemperature highpressure pretreatment process before leaching in order to improve metal recovery from the complex ore the entire spectrumor whatever elements are most appropriate to your operationleads to successful pressure oxidation of refractory ores and sulfide concentrates gold recovery from
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High pressure oxidation of refractory gold minerals 14 jun 2012 gulin supply mining and construction equipment for mineral handling the crushing screening high pressure o idation of refractory gold minerals
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Jan 01 2004nbsp018332the alkaline oxidation of refractory gold concentrates containing arsenopyrite and pyrite at ambient temperatures and pressures has been found to be accompanied by the simultaneous dissolution of gold without the addition of cyanide a detailed study has been made of the kinetics of the oxidation of the pure minerals and of several concentrates
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Oxidation can also be accomplished by the use of highpressure reactors called autoclaves in which the minerals in an aqueous slurry are treated at high temperature and pressure with oxygenbearing gases after oxidation is complete cyanidation as described above is employed to solubilize and extract the gold
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Pressure oxidation plants for gold mineral processing we are a highend mining machinery manufacturer in asia the main production equipment includes crusher sand making machine ball mill raymond mill cement equipment and other products
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Jan 01 1991nbsp018332refractory ore treatment by this method normally gives gold extraction in excess of 95 autoclave leaching of refractory gold ores on an industrial scale started in the 1980s because of the high gold price and because pressure oxidation is an environmentally accepted alternative to roasting
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Options for refractory gold ores roasting pressure oxidation biooxidation and ultrafine grinding in roasting pressure oxidation and biooxidation the iron sulphide minerals are oxidised to create sulphur dioxide so 2 gas in the case of roasting or sulphate ions in pressure oxidation and biooxidation the iron component is
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Pressure oxidation technology for the treatment of refractory gold concentrates has been deployed in some countries shuiyindong gold deposit is one of the carlintype deposits which is a typical difficulttotreat gold deposit located in guizhou province in western china it was the first application of acid pressure oxidation in china
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Pressure oxidation pox high pressure oxidation hipox and activox autoclave leaching are viable industrystandard technologies used to recover gold and other accessory metals the process is particularly well suited for treating refractory gold ores which
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The acidic pressure oxidation of pyrite fes2 and orpiment as2s3 as a pretreatment of refractory gold ores has been studied by investigating the reaction chemistry and kinetics the effects of retention time temperature particle size oxygen partial pressure pulp density sulfuric acid concentration and cupric ions were evaluated for both minerals
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Jan 01 2009nbsp018332the resources of highsulphur and higharsenic refractory gold concentrate hgc are abundant and can be found in many areas in china such as guizhou guangxi jiangxi and yunnan provinces because air and water was introduced into the stratum hgc was oxidized spontaneously and released acids and many heavy metals such as as pb zn and so on
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Pressure oxidation was developed for processing refractory ores where gold is occluded in the sulfide minerals typically pyrite or arsenopyrite oxidation of the sulfides at elevated temperatures and pressures liberates the gold allowing it to be economically recovered by
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The highpressure nitric acid oxidation process is shown in figure 1 li dx developments on the pretreatment of refractory gold minerals by nitric ac world gold conference 2009the southern african institute of mining and metallurgy 2009 developments in
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The pressure oxidation approach that allows obtaining high gold recovery from double refractory materials was proposed 7 the chemical compositions of the concentrates
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High pressure oxidation of refractory gold minerals superalloy wikipedia a superalloy or highperformance alloy is an alloy that exhibits several key characteristics excellent mechanical strength resistance to thermal creep deformation good surface stability and resistance to corrosion or oxidation
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High pressure oxidation of refractory gold minerals a lot of researches deem this process as the best option to the treatment of refractory material that contains gold and silver primarily when the precious metals are
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The highpressure nitric acid oxidation process is shown in figure 1 li dx developments on the pretreatment of refractory gold minerals by nitric acid world gold conference 2009the southern african institute of mining and metallurgy 2009 developments in the pretreatment of refractory gold minerals by nitric acid dx li
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Impervious sulphide mineral matrix and is termed refractory the most common refractory gold sulphide hosts are arsenopyrite and pyrite and in order to achieve acceptable gold recoveries it is generally necessary to break down the host mineral chemically this is done by roasting bacterial oxidation or pressure oxidation
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Jan 01 2016nbsp018332another known method for gold liberation from the sulfide matrix is biological mineral oxidation in this process bacteria act as a catalyst for the conversion of iron sulfides in the ore to soluble ferric iron fraser et al 1991 these refractory oxidation processes may be carried out on either a sulfide concentrate or wholeore feed
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